Synthesis and SAR studies of benzyl ether derivatives as potent orally active S1P₁ agonists

Bioorg Med Chem. 2014 Aug 1;22(15):4246-56. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.05.035. Epub 2014 May 24.

Abstract

We report herein the synthesis and structure-activity relationships (SAR) of a series of benzyl ether compounds as an S1P₁ receptor modulator. From our SAR studies, the installation of substituents onto the central benzene ring of 2a was revealed to potently influence the S1P₁ and S1P₃ agonistic activities, in particular, an ethyl group on the 2-position afforded satisfactory S1P₁/S1P₃ selectivity. These changes of the S1P₁ and S1P₃ agonistic activities caused by the alteration of substituents on the 2-position were reasonably explained by a docking study using an S1P₁ X-ray crystal structure and S1P₃ homology modeling. We found that compounds 2b and 2e had a potent in vivo immunosuppressive efficacy along with acceptable S1P₁/S1P₃ selectivity, and confirmed that these compounds had less in vivo bradycardia risk through the evaluation of heart rate change after oral administration of the compounds (30 mg/kg, p.o.) in rats.

Keywords: Bradycardia; HvGR; Lymphocyte; Modeling; S1P(1) receptor agonist.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Animals
  • Binding Sites
  • Ethers / chemistry*
  • Ethers / pharmacokinetics
  • Ethers / therapeutic use
  • Graft Rejection / prevention & control
  • Half-Life
  • Heart Rate / drug effects
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / chemistry*
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / pharmacology
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Rats
  • Rats, Inbred Lew
  • Receptors, Lysosphingolipid / agonists*
  • Receptors, Lysosphingolipid / metabolism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Transplantation, Homologous

Substances

  • Ethers
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Receptors, Lysosphingolipid